Math 411: Sample Slides

Wednesday, November 14, 2012

Sample Slides

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Need a bit more information? Just google "bad graph data" and then choose images and look at the array of bad graphs. Next, change bad to excellent and check out the graphics.

Math 411

Wednesday, November 14, 2012

Sample Slides

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Common types of graph
Graph type	Description	Used for
Line graph	Displays a series of dots connected by lines. When time is on the horizontal axis the plot is called a time-series graph. In such graphs the slope of the line between two points represents the rate of change in that variable over time	Line graphs are used to show patterns or trends in the measured variable (Y) as a result of changes in the size of the independent variable (X).
Scatterplot	(X,Y) points are plotted without a connecting line. A best fit line may or may not be fitted to the data	Used to display or assess the relationship between two variables
Vertical bar graph	Rectangular bars are plotted with vertical height of each bar representing the value of the measured (dependent) variable. Since X represents discrete data, there should be spaces between bars on the X axis. Generally preferred over horizontal bar graphs since the assignment of independent and dependent variables to the X and Y axes then match those used with line graphs.	Used to display the values of two or more different types / levels of the independent variable.
Horizontal bar graph	Similar to vertical bar charts except the categories of the independent variable are assigned to the Y axis and the value of each measured variable is represented as the horizontal length of the bar. Useful when category names are too long to fit at the base of column	Used to display the amounts / levels scores for different types independent variable.
Histogram	Looks similar to a vertical bar chart but Y axis data is always frequency. Also no spaces should be left between bars unless a category has zero frequency.	Used to display count (frequency, number of times something occurs) of data points falling within various ranges within a data set
Pie chart	Circular chart divided into segments (slices) with the size of each segment being proportional to the size (percent) of the quantity being represented within the overall sample. If values are not markedly different, differences may not be easy to decipher. Labeling pie segments with their actual values overcomes this problem.	Compares a small number of categories.